Apa itu Penyakit Cacar Monyet?
Summary
Monkeypox, a disease dating back to 1958, is transmitted to humans through animals like mice and squirrels. Originating in monkey colonies, it has become a significant concern since May 2022, with cases reported in 92 countries globally. Symptoms include fever, rash, and body pain, and the disease is more common in young adult males. Vaccination, particularly with the smallpox vaccine, is effective in preventing monkeypox, with efforts to secure vaccines ongoing in Indonesia.
Introduction to Monkeypox
Monkeypox, a disease that has been around since 1958, was first discovered in monkey colonies used for research. The virus can be transmitted to humans through animals like mice and squirrels, leading to infection in humans. The disease is not new and has been endemic in Congo and West Africa.
Global Spread of Monkeypox
Since May 2022, monkeypox transmission has been a growing concern, with 92 countries reporting cases outside Africa and Congo. Indonesia reported one case in August 2022. There have been over 35,000 cases worldwide, with 12 fatalities. The disease is more common in young adult males but can also affect children.
Symptoms of Monkeypox
Symptoms of monkeypox include fever, headache, body pain, fatigue, and lymph node enlargement. A rash or spots similar to smallpox but larger in size appear 1-3 days after the fever. The spots eventually break, dry, scab, and fall off over a 3-week period.
Transmission and Prevention
Monkeypox is transmitted through close contact with infected individuals, their body fluids, and contaminated surfaces. The disease is generally mild and self-healing within 2-4 weeks but can be severe and fatal (3–6% mortality) in individuals with weakened immune systems. Vaccination, especially with the smallpox vaccine, is effective in preventing monkeypox. Efforts to procure the vaccine in Indonesia are underway.
FAQ
Q: When was monkeypox first discovered?
A: Monkeypox was first discovered in 1958 in monkey colonies used for research.
Q: How is monkeypox transmitted to humans?
A: Monkeypox can be transmitted to humans through animals like mice and squirrels.
Q: Where has monkeypox been endemic?
A: Monkeypox has been endemic in Congo and West Africa.
Q: What has been the trend in monkeypox transmission since May 2022?
A: Monkeypox transmission has been a growing concern, with 92 countries reporting cases outside Africa and Congo.
Q: What are the common symptoms of monkeypox?
A: Common symptoms of monkeypox include fever, headache, body pain, fatigue, and lymph node enlargement.
Q: How is monkeypox rash described?
A: Monkeypox rash appears as spots similar to smallpox but larger in size. The spots eventually break, dry, scab, and fall off over a 3-week period.
Q: How is monkeypox transmitted among individuals?
A: Monkeypox is transmitted through close contact with infected individuals, their body fluids, and contaminated surfaces.
Q: What is the mortality rate of monkeypox?
A: Monkeypox has a mortality rate of 3–6%, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Q: What is an effective way to prevent monkeypox?
A: Vaccination, especially with the smallpox vaccine, is effective in preventing monkeypox.
Q: What efforts are being made regarding vaccination in Indonesia?
A: Efforts to procure the vaccine in Indonesia are underway.
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